Politics

India's Farmers' Protest: The 378-Day Fight That Repealed 3 Farm Laws

Parliament passed three farm Acts in September 2020. Farmers camped at Delhi's borders from 26 November 2020, talks failed, and the Supreme Court stayed the la…

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Government action

Three ordinances

The government promulgated three ordinances on trade in farmers' produce, farming agreements and stock limits during the COVID-19 restrictions.

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Parliament

Parliament passes three Acts

The bills were introduced on 14 September, passed the Lok Sabha on 15 and 17 September and the Rajya Sabha on 20 and 22 September. Assent is recorded on 24 and 26 Septem…

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Protest

Delhi Chalo

Farmers, mainly from Punjab and Haryana, reached Delhi's borders and set up camps at Singhu, Tikri and Ghazipur.

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Talks

Talks end in deadlock

The government offered to suspend the laws for 12 to 18 months. The unions rejected it and insisted on repeal. The eleventh round ended in deadlock.

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Court step

Supreme Court stays the laws

A bench led by Chief Justice S. A. Bobde stayed the laws and appointed a committee. It was an interim order and not a ruling on validity.

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Protest

Republic Day tractor parade

A permitted tractor parade turned violent in parts of Delhi, some protesters entered the Red Fort, and one farmer died near ITO.

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Government action

The Prime Minister announces withdrawal

On Guru Nanak Jayanti the Prime Minister announced that the three laws would be withdrawn and a committee formed on MSP and natural farming.

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Parliament

Parliament repeals the laws

Both Houses passed the Farm Laws Repeal Bill on 29 November. The President assented on 30 November. Parliament, not the Supreme Court, repealed the laws.

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Talks

Protest suspended

The SKM suspended the agitation after a letter from the Centre. Counted by date, 26 November 2020 to 9 December 2021 is 378 days.

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Aftermath

MSP committee and the next march

A committee on MSP was notified on 12 July 2022 and the SKM rejected its composition. Other farmer groups marched in February 2024 and camped at the Punjab border until…

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