Politics

Pegasus Spyware Row: Revelations and Court Hearings

A media consortium reported on 18 July 2021 a leaked list of potential targets that included at least 300 Indian numbers; a number on the list is not proof of…

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The research

Citizen Lab maps Pegasus

Citizen Lab scanned the internet for Pegasus servers and found operators that may be active in 45 countries, India among them. It did not say who targeted whom.

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WhatsApp

A flaw, a lawsuit, 121 Indian users

WhatsApp fixed a flaw in May 2019, sued NSO Group in October, and had told CERT-In about 121 Indian users who may have been reached.

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The leaked list

Hundreds of Indian numbers

A media consortium reported a leaked list of potential targets with at least 300 Indian numbers. A number on the list is not proof the phone was infected.

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Denials

Government and NSO reject the reports

The IT minister told the Lok Sabha illegal surveillance was not possible in India and called the report an attempt to malign Indian democracy. NSO Group disputed it too.

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The committee

An independent inquiry

The Supreme Court appointed a technical committee under Justice R. V. Raveendran and said national security is no automatic bar to review.

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The finding

5 of 29 phones

The Court said malware was found on five of 29 phones, but it could not be said to be Pegasus, and that the Union had not cooperated.

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Sealed

The reports stay private

The Court re-sealed the committee's reports and put them in the custody of its Secretary General.

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Revived

A hearing in 2025

A bench said portions of the report about individuals could be disclosed and listed the case for 30 July 2025. These were remarks, not a ruling.

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US courts

NSO found liable to WhatsApp

A US judge found NSO liable, a jury awarded about $167 million, and in October 2025 the award was cut to about $4 million with an injunction.

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Where it stands

No final resolution found

No final judgment has been found. The outcome of the 30 July 2025 listing was not reported; check the Supreme Court's case status.

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