Business

PNB-Nirav Modi Fraud: Full Timeline, Evidence and Impact

PNB officials allegedly issued unrecorded LoUs by SWIFT to Nirav Modi's firms from 2011 to 2018; the CBI alleges Rs 6,498.20 crore. Modi is in UK custody, untr…

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MAR 2011

The First Fake Guarantees

About US$15.5 million in LoUs went out by SWIFT with no entry in PNB's books.

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HOW IT WORKED

A Guarantee Never Booked

SWIFT out, no core banking entry, rollover.

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FEB-MAY 2017

150 LoUs in Four Months

The CBI alleges 150 LoUs worth Rs 6,498.20 crore went to Modi's three firms.

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1 JAN 2018

Nirav Modi Leaves India

He left weeks before PNB's first complaint.

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16 JAN 2018

A Credit Request Exposes It

Asked for cash margin, the firms said they had never needed it. No limits were on record.

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31 JAN 2018

The First CBI FIR

Eight LoUs from February 2017 led to a cheating and conspiracy case.

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14 FEB 2018

PNB Goes Public

PNB disclosed fraudulent transactions of about US$1.77 billion at one branch.

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DISCOVERY

Thirty Days That Exposed It

January to February 2018.

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17 FEB 2018

First Arrests

Gokulnath Shetty, Manoj Kharat and Hemant Bhatt were arrested.

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13 MAR 2018

RBI Ends LoUs

Banks were told to stop LoUs and Letters of Comfort for import trade credit.

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SAME INSTRUMENT

Legitimate vs Alleged LoU

What the controls should have caught.

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14 MAY 2018

CBI Chargesheet

Modi, associates and PNB officials, including a former MD, were chargesheeted.

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29 JUN 2018

Interpol Red Notice

Interpol asked police worldwide to locate and arrest him pending extradition.

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19 MAR 2019

Arrested in London

Modi was arrested on India's request and has been in custody since.

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5 DEC 2019

Fugitive Economic Offender

The declaration allows his property to be confiscated.

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25 FEB 2021

UK Court Clears Extradition

A judge found a case to answer and no bar to extradition.

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THE NUMBERS

Different Figures, Different Meanings

Not additive.

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15 MAY 2025

Bail Refused Again

The ED said Rs 1,052.42 crore had been restored to banks.

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25 MAR 2026

Appeal Will Not Be Reopened

The High Court found India's assurances against interrogation reliable.

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11 JUN 2026

A Separate Case Moves

With no corruption charges, a separate case went to a magistrate.

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THE UK FIGHT

Eight Years and Counting

From request to Strasbourg.

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KEEP THEM APART

Separate Tracks, Separate Outcomes

Nirav Modi is an accused, not convicted.

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