The Shah Commission (1977-78) documented Emergency excesses in three reports, all tabled in Parliament in 1978.
Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha set aside Indira Gandhi's 1971 Rae Bareli win for electoral malpractice.
A proclamation under Article 352 cited "internal disturbance". Arrests and press censorship began overnight.
States were given sterilisation targets. In some, rations, jobs and housing were tied to the procedure.
Residents resisted a demolition drive. Police opened fire, killing and injuring people.
From a court verdict to a change of government.
The Congress lost the March election. The Emergency was lifted on 21 March; Morarji Desai became PM on 24 March.
Former Chief Justice J.C. Shah was named to inquire into abuse of authority and excesses during the Emergency.
Citizens were asked to file complaints by 31 July 1977. About 48,500 came in; key cases were shortlisted.
She appeared but refused to give evidence on oath. The Commission ordered her prosecution for the refusal.
From appointment to final report in 14 months.
It found legal and administrative processes bent for appointments, illegal detentions and false criminal cases.
It examined the Delhi demolitions and the police firing of April 1976. Its findings were not criminal verdicts.
It covered the sterilisation drive, state-wise detentions and prison conditions.
Targets vs procedures recorded, from the Commission's table.
The final report was laid before Parliament with a memo on action taken.
Six areas of Emergency-era state power.
By February 1979 the CBI had registered 19 criminal cases. A Special Courts Act got assent on 16 May 1979.
The Congress swept back to power. The special courts folded and the report was withdrawn.
The former MP reprinted all three reports in one book.
Tabled, withdrawn, rumoured lost, republished.
Chairman Jagdeep Dhankhar asked the government to examine placing an authentic copy before the House.
The Home Ministry cited the Commission: 1,07,56,964 sterilisations, 548 unmarried complaints, 1,774 reported deaths.
One documented the abuses; one changed the rules.
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