India's Emergency ran from 25 June 1975 to 21 March 1977. President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed proclaimed it on Indira Gandhi's advice under Article 352. Congress lo…
The Cabinet marked 50 years with a resolution and two minutes of silence. A day later the RSS called for a review of the Preamble words added in 1976.
A bench led by CJI Sanjiv Khanna dismissed pleas against 'socialist' and 'secular' added by the 42nd Amendment.
'Internal disturbance' became 'armed rebellion', and the Cabinet must advise in writing. Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended.
Congress won 154 seats. Indira Gandhi lost Rae Bareli to Raj Narain, and the Emergency was lifted on 21 March.
Reported sterilisations rose from 26.25 lakh in 1975-76 to 81.32 lakh in 1976-77. The counts are procedures, not forced ones.
The Supreme Court held 4-1 that habeas corpus was barred. Justice H. R. Khanna dissented. The 2017 Puttaswamy ruling repudiated it.
Pre-censorship began on 26 June. Nearly 35,000 were held under MISA, per the Shah Commission.
President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed signed on the Prime Minister's advice, citing internal disturbance. The Cabinet ratified it next morning.
Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha set aside Indira Gandhi's 1971 election and barred her for six years. The Supreme Court granted a conditional stay on 24 June.
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