Health

US Healthcare Costs: Why Americans Are Delaying or Skipping Care

36% of US adults skipped or postponed needed healthcare over cost in the past 12 months (KFF, fielded May 2025), and 26% skipped some medical treatment in 2025…

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RISE OF EMPLOYER-SPONSORED…

World War II wage controls lead to employer-sponsored health insurance

Wartime wage freezes made it hard for employers to attract workers with pay raises, so companies began offering health insurance as a tax-exempt benefit instead. This ti…

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MEDICARE AND MEDICAID SIGNED

Medicare and Medicaid signed into law

Medicare created federal health coverage for seniors; Medicaid created coverage for low-income Americans. Both remain the base of US government healthcare financing refe…

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MEDICARE PART D ENACTED

Medicare Part D enacted, without price negotiation

Added outpatient prescription drug coverage to Medicare, but explicitly barred government price negotiation - a restriction only partly reversed by the 2022 Inflation Re…

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AFFORDABLE CARE ACT SIGNED

Affordable Care Act signed into law

Created ACA marketplaces, subsidies and pre-existing-condition protections, cutting the uninsured rate sharply over the following decade - though premiums and deductible…

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NO SURPRISES ACT AND INFLAT…

No Surprises Act takes effect; Inflation Reduction Act signed

The No Surprises Act (Jan 1) banned most surprise billing for emergency and in-network-facility care. The Inflation Reduction Act (Aug) authorized Medicare drug-price ne…

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US SPENDING HITS $5.3T; US…

CMS records $5.3T national health spending; Commonwealth Fund ranks US last of…

CMS recorded $5.3 trillion in national health spending (18.0% of GDP, $15,474 per person). The Commonwealth Fund's Mirror, Mirror report ranked the US last of 10 high-in…

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MEDICAID WORK RULES ENACTED…

One Big Beautiful Bill Act enacts Medicaid work requirements; CFPB medical-debt…

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (July 4) introduced Medicaid work requirements effective by 2027, with CBO estimating up to 7.8 million could lose coverage. A federal cou…

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36% AND 26% AFFORDABILITY F…

KFF and Federal Reserve publish 2025-2026 cost-avoidance findings

KFF's brief (poll fielded May 2025) found 36% of adults skipped or postponed needed care over cost in the past 12 months. The Federal Reserve's SHED report (fielded Oct…

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ACA SUBSIDIES EXPIRE; DRUG…

ACA enhanced subsidies expire and enrollment falls; Medicare drug-price negotia…

Enhanced ACA premium tax credits expired at the end of 2025; KFF reports 2026 enrollment fell to 23.1 million from a record 24.3 million as net premiums rose about 58%.…

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5TH CIRCUIT VACATES NO SURP…

Full 5th Circuit strikes down No Surprises Act billing-dispute formula

The full, en banc 5th US Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in Texas Medical Association v. HHS that the 'qualifying payment amount' formula used to resolve insurer-provider…

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