Politics

Vijay Diwas 1971 War Timeline: The 13 Days That Changed South Asia

The 1971 India-Pakistan War lasted just 13 days (December 3-16) because East Pakistan was geographically isolated, nine months of Mukti Bahini resistance had a…

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1970 ELECTION

Awami League Wins a National Majority

The Awami League wins 160 of East Pakistan's 162 general National Assembly seats, an outright majority of all Pakistan. West Pakistan's leadership refuses to convene the…

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OPERATION SEARCHLIGHT

Pakistan Army Crackdown Begins the Liberation War

The Pakistan Army launches a crackdown on Bengali nationalist activity. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is arrested and imprisoned in West Pakistan for the rest of the war. A nine…

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MUKTI BAHINI

Bengali Resistance Organizes Under a Government-in-Exile

The Mujibnagar provisional government forms. The Mukti Bahini, Bengali guerrilla and regular forces, fight Pakistan's occupation for months before India's regular army e…

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REFUGEE CRISIS

Roughly 10 Million Refugees Flee Into India

An estimated 10 million people cross into India, the largest displacement of its kind in decades, straining Indian states and becoming central to India's diplomacy.

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WAR BEGINS

Pakistan Strikes First, India Declares War

Pakistan launches preemptive air strikes on Indian airbases (Operation Chengiz Khan). India declares war and opens full offensives on both fronts, converting nine months…

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MEGHNA HELI BRIDGE

India Airlifts a River Crossing Toward Dhaka

Rather than fight through a defended river crossing, Lt Gen Sagat Singh airlifts roughly 5,000 troops across the Meghna by helicopter in 36 hours, bypassing one of the l…

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TANGAIL AIRDROP

Paratroopers Cut Off a Retreating Brigade

2 Para parachutes into Tangail, seizing the Poongli Bridge and cutting off a Pakistani brigade retreating to defend Dhaka, one of the largest airborne operations since W…

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INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER

Pakistan's Eastern Command Surrenders in Dhaka

Lt Gen A.A.K. Niazi signs the Instrument of Surrender before Lt Gen Jagjit Singh Aurora. Roughly 93,000 personnel are taken prisoner. The war ends after 13 days; Banglad…

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